Aviso al Publico — Published in the country on
February 27, 1779, it was edited by Acting Governor General Miguel Fernandez de
Folgueras to keep the people informed of the events then taking place in
Europe, particularly Napoleon's exploits and the British allegations concerning
the Spanish possession.
Del Superior Gobierno — Its maiden issue came out on
August 8, 1811. This was an official government publication. The first issue of
the paper contained 15 printed pages. The 16th or last page was left blank for
lack of news. Some of'the items in the first issue included a private letter
from London, news from Calcutta, items about the Spanish Cortes, a memorandum
from the English government, and a dispatch from Lord Wellington to Count Liverpool
regarding the battle of
Bussaco. The newspaper lived for six months. On February 7, 1812, it
suspended publication for lack of news to print. Its appearance marked the
beginning of journalism in the Philippines.
La Pilantrofia - Published in August 1812, this
newspaper was considered as the most interesting publication during that time.
Registro Mercantil - Published in 1824, this paper
appeared with a program of economic development. The founders and editors who
belonged to prominent families in the Philippines were Jose Azcarraga, Domingo
Roxas, and Matias Vizmanos.
Precious Corrientes de Manila — The Philippines' first
business newspaper in Spanish and English. Its first issue
was on July 6, 1839.
Ilustracion Filipino — The first illustrated newspaper. Its first issue was dated arch 1, 1859.
iario de Manila - One of
the most in-uential newspapers published by Jose elipe del Panduring the Spanish re-'me. It had a long career, from
1860 to e end of the Spanish regime in 1898. was the first newspaper to have a
regu-r and fairly international news coverage.
oletin Oficial de Filipinas - It became azeta de Manila
in 1861. It published vernment advertising, official orders, urt decisions, and
other state docu-ents.
Azeta de Manila — A newspaper of the panish government
in the Philippines. Its st issue came out on February 26, 861.
1 Catolico Filipino — The first Filipino aily,
published by Redor Pelaez. Its first sue was on February 1, 1862. A religious
newspaper, it was inspired by the amous native clergyman, Rev. Dr. Father Pedro
Pablo Pelaez, who championed the 'ghts of Filipino priests.
iariong Tagalog — Founded in 1882 by rancisco Calvo, in
collaboration with Marcelo H. del Pilar. This was the first panish-Tagalog
daily. One of the most important propaganda newspapers, it was released by Del Pilar
to denounce the cor-pt administration of
the Spaniards.
Evista de Administracion — A
weekly newspaper established in 1865. Edited by Jose de la Rosa and Javier de
Tiscar, this paper went off the press on January 4, 1866.
La Semana Elegante — The first weekly newspaper in the
Philippines, founded by Don Pedro Groizard on March 1, 1884.
Manila Alegre — A Manila newspaper dealing on the
varied ironies of life, particularly about the prominent members of 497
the high society. Published by Pedro Groizard, its
first issue came out on December 6, 1885.
La Solidaridad — In 1888, the Filipinos in Barcelona, Spain, in
consultation with the reformists in the Philippines, founded this forth nightly
newspaper devoted to the publication of reports on conditions in the
Philippines. The paper was also used to air the side of the Filipinos against
the attacks made on them by writers who sympathized with friars. Graciano Lopez
Jaena was the first editor followed later by Marcelo H. del Pilar. Its maiden
issue came out on February 15, 1889. It was banned in the Philippines but
Filipinos successfully smuggled copies into the country.
España en Filipinas — This newspaper was put out in
Madrid, Spain in 1888, by Filipinos. The reformers voiced in this paper their
grievances against the Spanish authorities in the Philippines.
Revista
Farmaceutica de Filipinas — A
newspaper for pharmacists, druggists and physicians in the Philippines,
with its first issue on January 3, 1893. It was established by Don Tomas Torres
Perrona,
dean of pharmacy of the old pharmacy of the old University of Manila.
El Telegrama — A Spanish newspaper which came off the
press on July 1, 1893. Its editor was Adolfo Puya y Ruiz.
El Album Militar — A newspaper for military officials
in the Spanish Army. Issued once every 10 days, this was founded by Don Mariano
de Circa. This 19-page paper was first issued on October 5, 1894.
El Comercio — This
newspaper, with the widest circulation in 1898, was owned and edited by Joaquin
de Loyzaga. Although the staff was mainly Spanish, the paper showed interest
in the welfare of the Filipino people. During the Philippine-American war, it
served as the vehicle with which Filipino leaders expressed their views and
opinions. Apolinario Mabini, "the brains of the Revolution",
this newspaper to air his views
against American actions and atrocities.
El Heraldo de Iloilo - One of the first provincial
newspapers during the era of the Philippine Revolution. It made its initial
appearance on January 1, 1898 in the City of Iloilo. Its avowed aim was
political, and declared itself as "champion of the interests that
directly affect agriculture, industry, commerce, and other avenues of wealth of
the country."
La Libertad — The first newspaper of the Philippine
Revolution published by Clemente Z. Zulueta in June 20, 1898 in Manila.
However, Zulueta later become a staff member of La Independencia, another paper
published by Gen. Antonio Luna. The paper, however, was short-lived because
President Emilio Aguinaldo suspended it, at the same time issued a decree that
no newspaper should be published without government license.
Bounding Billow - The first American newspaper to be
published in the Philippines. It was printed on board the Olym-pia, Dewey's
flagship, shortly after the naval victory and came out in June 1898 as a
victory issue. The next issue appeared in September 1898, to commemorate ihe
taking of Manila. Its very first issue came out at the port of Nagasaki in November
1897 and the last issue appeared in Manila in December 1898. A complete set of
this valuable periodical forms part of the private Filipiniana collection of
Gregorio F. Zaide.
La Independencia - Published and edited by Gen.
Antonio Luna on September 3, 1898. Eventually, the paper became the mouthpiece
of the First Philippine Republic during the Philippine-American War. It will be
noted that this paper was five weeks older than the Manila Times. At first, it
was printed on Calle Jolo (now Juan Luna street) in Binondo, where it also had
its editorial offices, but later it moved from place to place, sometimes in a
freight car of the Manila Railroad Company, due to the exigencies of war.
The staff of this paper was composed of Philippine
literary figures of the time. Luna was not only a great general but also a
journalist with a reputation in Spain through his columns in La Solida-ridad.
The American Soldier - The first regular, privately
owned American newspaper in the Philippines. Its first issue came out in Manila
on September 10, 1898. It stopped publication when regular dailies appeared. It
lasted about a month, with some twenty issues.
The Manila Times — This American paper (not to be confused with the
Philippine-owned mass circulation daily of post World War II fame) was founded
by an Englishman, Thomas Gowan. Gowan hired a small printing press, Chofre y
Compania, to turn out the paper. The first issue was datelined October 10,
1898. The bulletin carried the first press cable in English received in the
Philippines. It was in connection with the convening of the Paris Conference
to end the Spanish-American War.
In 1899, George Sellner, joined
the staff as business manager, and later bought the paper from Gowan.
Apparently, Sellner was in the newspaper game not for love of journalism but
for the more profitable aspect of the business. He sold the Times to a group of
American businessmen in 1902, and reacquired it three years later.
Again, in 1907, Sellner sold
the paper to Thomas C. Kinney. In 1918 there took place a general strike of the
Filipino employees of the paper. Reported to be the leader of the strike was
Carlos P. Romulo, a member of the staff at the time.
After the paper was bought by
President Quezon, it was later sold to George H. Fairchild in 1921. In 1926,
he sold it to Jacob Rosenthal. On March 15, 1930, the Manila Times closed,
after 32 years of uninterrupted existence.
The second epoch in the history
of the Manila Times began in 1945. A new corporation was formed - "The
Manila Times Publishing Company, Inc." with the heirs of Don Alejandro
Roces, Sr. as publisher and owner. The first issue of the paper on May 27,
1945, carried the name The Sunday Times. On September 5, 1945, the first daily issue of The
Manila Times appeared on the streets of Manila. The
paper was at first quartered at the Ramon Roces Publications building on Soler
and Calero streets which had not been damaged by the war, but later it moved to
the T-V-T building on Floren-tino Torres street.
The Manila Times, closed when Martial Law was declared
in 1972. Its last issue was dated September 22, 1972.
La Democracia (Democracy) - Founded by Dr. T. H. Pardo
deTavera on May 16,
1899, this was the first Filipino newspaper in Spanish to recognize
American sovereignty.
Insular Press — A four-page daily newspaper in the Philippines, with
its first issue on July 5, 1899.
La Voz del Pueblo — A four-page and 3-column newspaper
which came off the press three times a week. Edited by Mariano Seguera, a
Filipino, its first issue was on August 2, 1899.
El Filipino - Newspaper of the Comite Republicana, an
organization of Filipinos residing in Barcelona, Spain. Edited by Manuel
Artigas y Guerva, its first issue was dated November 1, 1899.
Filipinas Arte Europa - A Filipino newspaper in
Madrid, Spain edited by Isabelo de los Reyes, acknowledged "Father of
Philippine Socialism." Its first issue came out on November 10, 1899.
La Opinion - Like the La Vanguardia, this newspaper was
also of similar persuasion and readership. The paper was edited and published
by Don Fernandez.
El Grito del Pueblo (The Cry of the People) — Another
Filipino newspaper in Spanish founded by Pascual H. Poblete in 1899.
El Filipino Libre (The Free Filipino) -Also a Filipino
newspaper in Spanish founded by Manuel X. Burgos in 1899.
Nuevo Dia (New Day) — A Filipino newspaper in Spanish
founded by Sergio Osmeña in 1900 in Cebu.
El Renacimiento (The Reawakening) -This became the most
famous Spanish-language Filipino newspaper which was brilliantly written but
obsessed with the micro-politics of the period. It became the object of several
libel suits from American officials. This was established in Manila and its
first issue came out on September 1, 1901, with Rafael Palm a as editor.
Cablenews - This important paper was launched in 1902
by another American armyman, Israel Putnam, who also imported the first
American printing plant. The editor was William Din-widdie who later became the
governor ofLepanto, the gold-rich mining province in Northern Luzon. On his
staff were several journalists from the American West.
El Mercantil (The Mercantile) — This was a Filipino
newspaper in Spanish founded and edited by Jose Ma. Romero on April 1, 1902.
Cable-American - The result of a consolidation of the
Cablenews and the American in 1908. The Cablenews appeared in 1902, and was
owned and edited by Israel Putnam, a lieutenant of the United States Army. The
American appeared on October 17, 1898, about a week after the appearance of the
Manila Times, and was published by F.J. Berry and edited by William Crozier. In
or about 1905, the Cablenews was published and edited by Frederick O'Brien who
later leased it to J.F. Boomer.
Philippines Free Press - This newspaper was founded by
Judge W. A. Kincaid in 1906. This became the most influential English-language
weekly in the history of Philippine journalism. It was not a success and was on
the verge of bankruptcy when it was taken over by McCullough Dick, an English
sailor in the U.S. Navy, and Theo S. Rogers, a charming Ameri-can-about-town in
American Manila.
La Vanguardia (The
Vanguard) — Founded by Martin Ocampo in 1910 to carry on the work of the
defunct El Renacimiento. A sister paper to the
T-V-T (Tribune, Vanguardia, Taliba) Publications, this was a Filipino
newspaper in Spanish. In 1916, it was acquired by Alejandro Roces, Sr., the
patriarch of the Roces publishing clan, and it eventually became the mcist
influential Spanish daily in the Philippines.
El Ideal (The Ideal) - A Filipino newspaper in Spanish
edited by Arsenio N. Luz in 1910.
The Philippines Herald — This is the first Filipino
daily in English. It was founded by then Senate President Manuel L. Quezon and
a group of patriotic Filipino businessmen, on August 8, 1920. Edited by Carlos
P. Romulo, it became a part of the D-M-H-M (Debate, Mabu-hay, Herald, Monday
Mail) Publications in Manila.
The Tribune - Another popular Filipino daily in
English. Founded by Alejandro Roces, Sr. on April 1, 1925, as a sister
publication to the T-V-T (Tribune, Vanguardia, Taliba) Publications. This was
edited by a rising young journalist named Carlos P. Romulo.
Taliba (Vanguard) - A sister publication of The Tribune
and La Vanguardia, this was considered as the greatest daily in Tagalog.
Soldier's
Letter — Together with American Soldier, this is considered as one of the
first English-language newspapers in the Philippines, published during the
Philippine-American War of 1898 by enlisted men of the 18th Minnesota Volunteers
in the US Army and financed by one "Mayor Brown" who owned the
American Commercial Company and used it to advertise his imported products
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